Gum Tree Characteristics

• Gum trees are fast-growing evergreen trees that can grow to between 60 and 400 feet, depending on the species. The juvenile leaves are round (often seen in floral arrangements) and the mature leaves are long and narrow. Most are dull, grayish-green to blue, and covered in aromatic essential oils that give them a pungent, piney odor. The bark of eucalyptus trees constantly strips off, creating a random colorful motif. In the spring, gum trees bloom yellow, white or red clusters of needle-shaped petals that attract honeybees.
  
  

Recommended Species

• More than 60 species of gum trees are cultivated for landscaping. "Eucalyptus globulus" variety Compacta is a multi-trunked, bushy, dwarf gum tree that doesn't grow over 40 feet. Cold and dry climates are well-suited for the snow gum, "Eucalyptus pauciflora," which has pale gray, almost white bark and silvery-green leaves. Lemon gum tree, "Eucalyptus citriodora," grows to approximately 70 feet tall and has lemon-scented leaves and white, pink and gray bark. The dwarf 25-foot "Eucalyptus ficifolia" does well in coastal regions and blooms showy bright red flowers. "Eucalyptus torquata" is different than most other gum trees because it's drought-tolerant and suited for desert regions. It grows to 20 to 25 feet and blooms red and yellow flowers.
  
  

Gum Tree Growing Conditions

• Gum trees need ample space to grow where their shallow roots won't interfere with surrounding plants or be stunted by buildings or other structures. Young trees are best transplanted in the spring or fall. Choose a site that receives full sun and is well-drained. Eucalyptus trees can tolerate a variety of different soils, and can tolerate drought but grows best when the soil is kept moist. Prune in the spring to encourage new growth.
  
  

Pests

• Gum trees are generally pest resistant, but if grown in poor growing conditions, can become stressed and prone to pests. The eucalyptus longhorned borer burrows into the bark, leaving dark streaks and weakening the tree. Use systemic insecticides like neem oil, which is absorbed into the bark, leaves and roots, to deter the pest. Eucalyptus snout beetles feed on the foliage and are controlled by parasitic wasps. Eucalyptus redgum lerp psyllid are sap-sucking insects that cause premature leaf drop. Use neem oil or insecticidal soap to kill the pest.