- The yucca root contains saponins, which are detergent compounds that lather when agitated. They contain both water- and oil-soluble molecules that make the removal of dirt easier. The surface-acting agents in saponins create lather. Surfactants, as they're called, lower water's surface tension, allowing the foam creation. Additionally, they are emulsifiers that reduce the tension between oil and water, allowing the two to blend. Saponins are included in some diets because of their nutritional value.
- For centuries, the Hopi Indians utilized yucca root's lathering properties. They used the root juice as a cleansing shampoo. Yucca also ceremonially before rituals. The ancient Hopi believed that putting yucca suds on the head represented a cloud and served as purification. The Hopi also used the yucca soap medicinally. They put a mixture of yucca suds and duck grease on their heads to encourage hair growth. The modern Hopi still use the yucca lather in birth, marriage and death ceremonies.
- Some companies use yucca root's lathering properties by including its extract in their soap and shampoo products. As an added benefit, the yucca-root extract contains vitamins A, B-complex and C. It also contains calcium, potassium, phosphorus, iron, manganese and copper. The final product includes nourishing oils, beeswax, herbs and other ingredients.
- Saponins are fed to pigs and poultry to reduce ammonia smells. Many pet foods and kitty litters contain yucca saponins minimizing fecal odors.
- Due to saponins' surface-acting properties, they are excellent foaming agents. Yucca-root extract is often used in soft drinks to give them a foamy head. In the mining industry, saponins facilitate ore separation. Saponins are also used to prepare emulsions for photographic films. Due to saponins' emollient and antibacterial properties, they are used extensively in cosmetics, especially lipstick. Other potential uses are being researched.
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