Tendonitis

• Peroneal tendonitis is characterized by an inflammation of the tendons, leaving them red, swollen and tender. This is usually caused by trauma or overuse of the tendons. If you develop peroneal tendonitis, attempt to stay off your feet as much as possible. Apply ice to the affected area to dull pain. Take anti-inflammatory medication like Ibuprofen to bring down the swelling.
  
  

Tenosynovitis

• Much like tendonitis, tenosynovitis is accompanied by inflammation. However, tenosynovitis is an inflammation of the protective sheath of fluid surrounding the tendon. This can be caused by infection as well as injury or sprain. Keeping the affected area immobile by compressing it with athletic tape or a cast is advisable. Hot and cold compresses can also be used to dull pain and reduce inflammation. In severe cases, a doctor may need to surgically drain the area of pus to relieve pressure.
  
  

Tears

• A breaking or splitting of the fibrous material in the peroneal tendon (known as collagen) constitutes a tear. If left untreated, a tear can continue to worsen and may ultimately change the shape of the foot by raising its natural arch. Acute tears are caused by direct trauma to the tendon. Degenerative tears occur when the tendon is stretched, thinned or frayed due to overuse. Symptoms accompanying tears include tenderness, swelling and instability of the foot.
  
  

Subluxation

• Subluxation occurs when both tendons are snapped or pulled out of their natural positions. This is often characterized by sporadic pain as well as a sensation of the tendons snapping around the ankle. It should be treated early to avoid further damage, as tendons prone to subluxation are more likely to develop tears or ruptures at a later period of time.
  
  

Prevention/Solution

• Shoes should be worn at all times during exercise to prevent injury to the ankle or foot. Do not wear shoes with improper padding or that are too small. Acute pain or pain lasting longer than a few minutes should be examined by a doctor or therapist to prevent further damage. Under no circumstances should you physically exert or apply unnecessary pressure to a tendon if it is damaged. Stay off an injured foot as much as possible and elevate it above the level of your body when lying down.