- You can file for unemployment insurance if you were laid off or terminated from your current position. Most states accept unemployment claims if you were terminated through accidental misconduct, such as being unable to work due to health reasons. The qualifications for eligibility vary by state, but you need to have worked for a certain period of time and made more than a set limit each pay period. For example, as of 2011, workers in Ohio can receive unemployment if they worked for at least 20 weeks during their base period (which is the first four of the last five complete quarters before you became unemployed) and made an average of $215 weekly, according to Ohio.gov.
- Your unemployment benefit amount depends on the amount you made while working. Generally, you will receive a portion of your average income. The labor department in your state divides your benefit amount over several weeks. NOLO reports that you can receive benefits for up to 26 weeks. Some states allow you to extend your benefits for 13 to 20 more weeks if you meet certain conditions.
- You must file a claim through the labor department or the office that handles the employment insurance program in your state. Some states allow you to apply online, while others require an office visit. The department will notify your employer. Your employer can dispute your case within a certain time. The state department will issue an initial determination of eligibility for your case. If approved, you can start receiving benefits.
- If the state department denies your unemployment insurance claim, you can request a hearing to appeal your case. Both you and your former employer can come to the hearing. You will need to prove your health problems as your reason for termination. If the department denies your appeal, you can request an administrative appeal through a board of review. If the board denies your appeal, you can take the case to court through a judicial appeal.
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