Conclusion
In normoglycaemic subjects, IGFBP-1 holds promise as a simple, reliable and stable marker of insulin sensitivity. The degree of IGFBP-1 phosphorylation modulates IGF-1 bioavailability and may be related to development of CVD. Measurement of IGFBP-1 isoforms may potentially provide a means to help distinguish non-invasively between individuals with and without IHD and may have a place in cardiovascular risk assessment when used in the context of other conventional means of assessment.