- All denominations of Canadian coinage are created at the Royal Canadian Mint. Located in Ottawa, the Royal Canadian Mint produces medals, tokens, bullion coins and the seven denominations of Canadian coins: 1 cent, 5 cents, 10 cents, 25 cents, 50 cents, one-dollar and two-dollar pieces.
- Canadian currency is printed exclusively by the Canadian Bank Note Company (CBN). Renowned for its security feature capabilities, CBN prints currency for many South American, Caribbean and African countries. It also provides passport-issuing technology and lottery systems and hardware for states around the globe. The denominations of Canadian currency in 2009 are the five-dollar note, the 10-dollar note, the 20-dollar note, the 50-dollar note and the 100-dollar note.
- Once created, fresh banknotes and coins are sent to the 8,000 branches of Canada's chartered banks for distribution to individuals and businesses. Regulated by the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions (OSFI), chartered banks fall into three categories: Schedule I (non-subsidiaries of a foreign bank that can accept deposits), Schedule II (subsidiaries of a foreign bank that can accept deposits) and Schedule III (subsidiaries of a foreign bank that can conduct business in Canada but not accept deposits). Schedule I & II banks load a portion of the fresh currency into automatic teller machines (ATMs) and keep the rest in their safes.
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