A Cataract is an opacity developing in the crystalline lens of the eye which inhibits the passage of light.
The progression of this disorder is a slow one with potential blindness if left untreated.
Untreated cataracts cause phacomorphic glaucoma, fluid pressure in the eye that causes damage to the optic nerve which leads to loss of vision.
A loss of visual acuity is present as the cataract becomes more opaque and, of coarse, clear vision is compromised.
Also shadows and color vision are less vivid which notes a loss is contrast sensitivity.
Some common causes of cataracts include exposure to radiation, long term exposure to ultraviolet light (the sun), effects from diseases (diabetes, hypertension, trauma), and a loss of lens protein.
Genetic factors are also a cause of cataracts as is injury or physical trauma of the eye.
It has been noted that commercial airline pilots have experienced more incidence of cataracts from the cabin "pressure" of flying.
Allergy conditions have also been noted to quicken the progression of cataracts, especially in children and an iodine deficiency is also among the culprits.
Steroids can also induce development of cataracts, and the only form of prevention known for this disorder is the wearing of protective glasses eliminating ultraviolet light damage.
Removal of cataracts is the only treatment known and this can be performed only when the cataracts have been developed sufficiently.
These operations are usually performed using localized anesthesia and is commonly done as an outpatient service.
As with any surgery, complications are possible.