- According to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), national crime reporting data is submitted by local, state and federal law enforcement agencies through two methods within the UCR program: the summary method and the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS). Agencies using the summary method collect data based on arrests related to violent crimes, arson, larceny and motor vehicle theft. Those reporting statistics through the NIBRS system submit comprehensive data on 57 crimes, including violent, sex, fraud and substance abuse crimes.
- The FBI began collecting crime data through the UCR program once the bureau obtained approval through Congress in 1930. In 1966, according to the FBI website, the National Sheriffs' Association encouraged law enforcement agencies to submit data through the UCR summary program. Although UCR participants recognized the need for more comprehensive crime data in the 1970s, it was not until 1988 that the NIBRS method was approved.
- National crime reporting benefits not only law enforcement, but also researchers, politicians and the public. The NIBRS method in particular provides those working in criminal justice and academia comprehensive data about what types of crimes are occurring and how cases are handled as they progress through the justice system. In addition, citizens throughout the nation can use these statistics to determine the prevalence of crime in their area or another location.